2025 Clemency Actions Mark Significant Shifts in US Criminal Justice Approach

Historic Changes in Presidential Clemency

The clemency power, enshrined in the U.S. Constitution, encompasses multiple forms of presidential mercy, including pardons that forgive past crimes and restore civil rights.

President Biden has made history by issuing more individual pardons and commutations than any U.S. president, including the commutation of sentences for nearly 2,500 people convicted of non-violent drug offenses. This action specifically addressed individuals who received lengthy sentences based on outdated distinctions between crack and powder cocaine, aligning with reforms established by the Fair Sentencing Act and First Step Act. The move represents an important step toward correcting historical sentencing disparities.

State-Level Clemency Initiatives

In California, Governor Gavin Newsom recently granted 23 pardons and 10 commutations. Many recipients had experienced adverse childhood experiences and trauma, which affected their life choices. These individuals have since demonstrated accountability for their actions and transformed their lives to serve their communities.

In New Jersey, Governor Phil Murphy has implemented a groundbreaking clemency initiative, providing relief for 93 individuals. The state has positioned itself as the ‘State for Second Chances,’ with recipients earning their legal relief through dedication to becoming responsible citizens who contribute to their communities.

Looking Forward

The evolution of clemency policies reflects broader changes in criminal justice reform, including initiatives such as banning discriminatory housing practices against justice-involved individuals, restoring voting rights to citizens on probation or parole, and creating petition processes for ‘clean slate’ expungements. These developments mark significant progress toward a more compassionate and equitable criminal justice system, emphasizing the importance of Second Chances.